Friday, January 27, 2017

Joseph Johnson's letters, 1764-1769, in "To Do Good to my Indian Brethren"

Family connections
Joseph Johnson's mother named Elisabeth Garrett --> relationship to Hannah Garrett at Wheelock's?

60 Gourdain Wyyougs (Wyogg?) a nephew of Samson Occom (1861 Mohegan list); Brown & Rose 453-54). Brown & Rose, Black Roots in Southern Connecticut

61 Notes from Murray: Thomas, an Oneida Christian leader sometimes referred to as “Deacon” or even “King” likely came east to see his children at Wheelock’s school, as he did the following summer (DHNY 4:342; McCallum 240-42). He was the one to tell Wheelock what really happened during Ralph Wheelock’s visits to the Onondagas (S Kirkland, 79-81); during the Revolution, he was an active ally of the Americans (Graymont 1988, 35). Aaron Occom (1752-71) was Samson Occom’s eldest son; he entered and left Wheelcok’s school several times between 1760 and 1767 (Love 233). Benjamin Garret may have been the brother of Johnson’s mother, Betty, and the father of Hannah Garret, the wife of David Fowler; he may also have been the son of a Christian who supported Experience Mayhew in his early mission to the Connecticut Indians (Szasz 182). The jumble of conflicting information suggests there may have been more than one man of this name in the area. (Brown & Rose 157; Love 26, 113; Blodgett 175-176; Fish 95; McCallum 208). 

71: At the Oneida mission was Nathan Clap, a “Cape Cod Indian” was likely Mashpee (Wheelock 1769, 45; McCallum 68). Johnson sent Hannah, the daughter of Deacon Thomas who enrolled at Wheelock’s School in June 1768 and stayed only until January 20, 1769; her father did visit the school later in the summer (MCCallum 240). He also sent Katharine, who may be the Mohawk girl who attended from 1765 to 1767 (McCallum 295-96). (Seems unlikely due to the dates?) The “Germans or Dutch” are Moravian ministers.
77-78 Attempts to run away to the sea with assistance from Aaron Occom, but quickly repents.

Culture
Johnson kept a singing school in the evenings -- 67

Race
69 Joseph calls himself a Black Indian

Being judged for his Christianity (& race?): 63 "I must not think it hard to be persecuted, called to nought for his Names Sake, for He was persecuted for my sins' sake."
69 I believe that if the Indians now Refuse the Offered Gospel it will be wonder if God don't in his anger cut them off from his Earth.
Letter of 1768/05/02 -- devilish inclinations of the Indians, but also criticism of the "cloven foot" of the men who oversee them, and recognition of the "indian principles" that still influence Johnson.

72 is annoyed that he is not trusted with money

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